Oil seal



vMarch 14, 1933. K c. w. MARSH oIL SEAL I' Filed Aug, 3, -1931 2 sheets-sheet 1 I l r'/ 'March 14, 19331 w, MARSH 1,901,601@` OIL SEAL Filed-Aug.; 1931 2 Sheets-sheet y2 v f in v 5f-f' 21 a8, I 'l 72 Jg, l

i y Patented Maul'.'vl4,

'ras

einem w. nnss, or ng-nement'.

` y emauxappuaan 'ma ama aim.' sex-m in. man.A y

. The present invention relates to oil seals of the type adapted to be used about'a shaft to prevent the leakage' ofv lubricant along thev shaft, but'the `present ldevices are also 5 eral application and may be utilized 'for many n other purposes. y

One of the objects of theinv'ention is the provision of animprovedoil sealwhich isadapted to give long continuous service with- 10 out necessity for repair, by virtue of the pro- -vision of a means for automatically compensating for thewearof the parts of the oil seal.

Anotherobject ofthe invention is the rovisionV of an improved' `oil seal adapt to 15 eliminate any possibility of metallic arts of the seal l wearing n throughy the pac ing or olthwise coming in contact with the moving `Another object of the invention is the proy 2 visio'n of an` improved, oil seal peculiarly g adapted to withstand'considerable wear and usage and adapted to automatically take up Y the wear and compensate for the same throughout a long life of service.

f 2 Another object of the invention is the pro-k vision of an improved oil sealin which the 'y packing ymay be removed and conveniently replaced, thereby facilitating the mainte nance of the seal in the best conditionat all 3 times. l

4 Another object of the invention is the prof visionof` an improved oil seal which may be cheaply manufactured and installed by vir-` t'ue. ofthe factthat most of the partsl of the .35 seal rlend'themselves readilyto manufacture by stamping operations.

Another ob'ect of the invention is the rovision of a plurality" of modifications o `my improved oil seal, each one ofwhich has adv vantages which are the'result of theparticular construction of such modification. l

t f g Y Other objects and advantages of the inven-` tionwill be apparent from the following description and'from the accompanying drawings,- in which similar characters of reference indicate similar parts of the several views. n Referring to the drawings, of which there are two sheets, f y n Fig.` 1 is a sectional view taken on a plane L ,i f5.0 'passing through they axis of the oil seal and Y, expansion of the packings into edgewiseen- 10'and the numeral 16 lindicates one of thek shaft, showing oneexemplary installation of n1 oilseal; ig.` '.is` a similar viewin partial section andpartial elevation, showing the for the oil seal of Figfl; 55

Fig.f3is` a plan view of the inside `of ythe casing of Fig. 2; i

Fi 4' isa pla'nvfiew ofthe cover or externa ex ansion rim; L -k Fig. 5 1s a side elevation of the cover before assembly: v. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig; lof ay modi' fied form `ofoil seal, the parts of whicharer Y permanently secured-together;

' removable from the machine on which it is j .l

used; Fig. 8 is a fragmentary view of one of the, l packing supporting studs used in Fig-7 Y Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectionalview of one Y of the V-shaped packings andV expanding members showing 1n dotted lines the mode ofV ga ement with theadjacent parts;l l ig..10 is a sectional view similar to Ff .n.6 of va modified form of oil seal "having a lgifferent type of spring, by means of which, the oil seal may be made more compact; and

Fig.' 1l is a side relevational view of the 3 sprin utilized in the oil seal of: Fi 10.4

Re errin yto Fi 1, 101indicates` t e frame or casing o a mac ine upon which the present oil'seal is used, such as, for example, an electric `motor vhaving v a shaft 11 which is rotatably mounted rupon the ball bearings 12 located. 1n the races`l13 and 14. The race 13.

is fixedly secured inthe bore 15 of the frame 5 improved oil seals in its entirety. y f 93 In the installation which has been selected similar oil seals 'may be used upon both sides* i e of the anti-friction bearings,l for confiningl lubricant about the'bearings, andk the lubriy cant may be supplied' by packing the bear-f ings during installation, orxby the usek of n; l standard high pressure fittings. .The instal-7.1".

i lation shown is merely exemplary of onehwvof the many modes of use of my improvedoil seals.

The oil seal 16 is referably providedwith a casing 17, prefera ly stamped out o`f.sheet metal such as steel, and formed with a sub,

stantially cylindrical xflange `18 and a radially extendingflange 19.

The radially extending lflan e19 is provided with an aperture 2O whic @is definitely larger Athan the size of shaft .11', andthe cas*- ing 17 is preferably-fixedly secured in the bore in such a manner that the edges'of -men'tfwrith the' flanges 29, 30 of 'at kthe points 38, 39 adjacent the outer -edges the flange 19 or any'othermetallic parts of the' oil seal cannot come in contact with the Ishaft 11. The cylindrical part 18 of the cas bodiment of Fig. 1.

4 The radialflange 19 is preferably provided with three or more packing supporting, studs 21 symmetrically supported by the flange 19 and projecting into the cylindrical end 22 formingan annular shoulder 23, and the flange 19is provided with apertures 24 for receiving the reduced lends 22. .The flange 19 may thus be confined-ibetween` the. annular shoulder` 23cm each stud.y

21 and the riveted end 25 of thej stud. .In the embodiment of` Fig. 1 eaeh of the studs 21 is`,preferabl provided witha rouncl ed end 26 andra re atively sharp .point27. The point 27 is' adapted to penetrate intothe body of the V`shaped leather packing 28, thev amount of penetration being limited by the roundedY portion or shoulder 26. The, studs 211thus hold the 28%in a fpreleter tlh. respect tothe other arts and t The packing 28' preferably consists o f a closed molded leather ring of substantially V-shape in cross section.

The molded .packing28 may in some em .plurality of spiral bodiments consist of-,av turns of'V-shaped packing, or in some cases a multiplicity of rings may-.be used, each ring nesting in the other andforming a member of substantially thesame shape as 28, but

consisting of a plurality of separate layers.

. Each of the packing rings 28 is provided with a pair of frusto-conical flanges 29, 30,

the flanges 29 and 30 being joined togethery at the apex 31 along theline of a circle The edges 32, 33of the packing 28 are preferably beveled oil", forming relatively sharp, lips34, 35, which are sufficiently flexible to be forced into closer engagement with the shaft 11 by any pressure which maylv exist inside the packing 28. l j f By virtue of the construction and arrangement of the packing 28 and a pair of expanydirt Vto the installation. I The expansion member 37` preferabl comtheexternalsurface of shaft 11; 1

.The 'internal expansion member 346-'pre'fere ably consists of a`stam'ped sheetmetal 'memV-.L 'ber whichis formed with aconvex surface f i' of the packing 28. `That is, the convex an nularsurface 37a comes into initial engage# 36a which is of less curvature than the inside peeking 2s` p x ofthe packing inside the lips 34 and 35. The ,1 'y n expansionmember *36' is provided with a plurality of apertures 40 located to receive -the studs21 andthe expansion member 36 isk slidably mounted on the studs 21.-: Interposedl" between 'the yupper `side 415ofvv expansion member36- Vand the'radial flange 19 are, a plurality ,ofr helical compression springs .42.

be mounted on the studs 21 and they are It isalso' desirable to form the'expansion 8'5, 5 The compression springsl42may likewise` adaptedto urge :the expansion Amember ,3 6 t fintov engagement with the' packing28..` 1 interior ofcasing 17. Each ofthe studs21 is provided with reduced member 36 with an axially extending annular flange l43flof 4substantially tubular Shaper f having 1Va` bore 44 kwhich is larger than the shaft 11 -by such an amountthat the parts'y i of themetal flange 43 nevezI come into contact n with shafty 11. The flange 43-servesto enr C1059' the, Springs 42 and prevent accessof i partsjof the oilzseal beforeiitsjff'f prises a stamped sheet metal member aving. Y

an annular concave surface 34 which is of less `angularity Vthan the external surface 46 of "I th'e packing 28. That is, the'curved annular" 1.65

surface-3 4initially engages the apex 31- ofy the packing 28 and holds the packing against the surfaces 26 on 'studs 21.', i The expansion`L member 37 is 4provided with a ,centrallyy located a erture 47' which isslightly larger than `sha 11 `andjthe expansionmember' 37 .is formed'with an outer'circular edge 48 k so vthatitmay actas a cover vfor the casing 17.k 1

The vexpansion member or' cover. 37 is thus" adapted tobe slid inside the casing 17 andk -it is preferably secured in place'by means of"y devices which, permit the removal of the cover 'f so that Vjthe packing may be renewed Iififn sary.

For this ypurpose. *thev cover- 37 may "12.0 vided with 'a multiplicity of radially projecting 'ears'or' lugs 49, 5() preferably'symmetri? g* i cally located about the circular edge 48 and adaptedto register with the corresponding axial slots 51 in casing 17. The earsV 50 are* provided with slits 50a on each side topermit. i'

their beingbent out Vof the plane of the cover.

circumferentially extending slots 1 '52 comy The casing 17 is provided with axial slotsk 5l correspondingto the ears 50 .and vwith Y 'ear 50 would beA ocated lnside t 18 90 When l 54 -ofslots 51, the cover 36a ma be rotated cas 17 the: lugsj49 pass into the Y a exten ing-slots51in the c t outward,

l The :ears are preferably as shown in 5, msuch amanner that the ears 50 area japted to pass the cylindrical 19 wall 18 of casing 17 when the cover is shoved into the casin Forfexample, the cover '37 of Fig. 4 w d belturned around andthe lug 49 at the top inserted into slot 51, .the `other lugs lindin correspondin slots. Th?

da 1 adjacent the point 53 and ear 50 woulsilnlgiass insidethe casmlf( by virtueof the fact that the ears 50 arent over to anamountshown' -in F 5. v a v thelugs 49 have reached thebcttoms counter clockwise in'Fig. 2, an the lugs 49 pass into the circumferential slots 52A which retain the cover in place against axial move- `ment. The ears 50 maythen be 4bent ,ug-

ward `from the position kof Fig. 5 until t e ears 50 engage inside the slots 51, thereby preventing rotation' of the cover 36arelative f i to casing 17. At any time, however, a screw driver or other implement may be inserted below the ears 50 `and the ears pried u ward out of the slots 51 to permit rotationo cover 37, removal of the cover and re lacementof the packing. In order to facihtatethis removal theears 50 are preferably not pushed. all the way. down into slots 51, but merely far enoughl to engage the sides of the slotsv and still leave enough room for insertion `f .fthe screw driver at some later date. y

.Referring to Fi 9, this is an illustration of the action of t e; expansion 'members on y the expansible V`shaped packing 28. The

springs `42 force the internal expansion member 36- a ainst the packing at the 4points38 and 39,: orcing the lips`34 and 35 outward and forcing the ange's'29 `and 30outward into engagement with the inner wal-1. ofthe casing surface of the shaft 11. The points 27 on the studs 21 prevent any rotation `of the Eeacking 28 and the external expansion memr 36a holds theapexof the packing against axial movement. vThe leather packln 28 is; thus fed edgewise into engagement ywlth'the shaft'11, andas fast as theedge of the acking weaz'so a new surface is presente and the springs 12 and` expansion-members vkeep the leather packing, 28 in! continuous oiltight engagementwith the shaft 11.

Referring to Fig. 9, they dotted line position of the packing 28 is an illustration of the feeding action of the expansion members on the V-shaped packing.- This feeding action continues as longy as the Bauges 29-and 30 of the leatherpacking are wider than the space `ff *within which they are forced by the expanf' n annular convex surface similar pto the inthe `packinginside theiianges of thefpack sionmembers and the'preenf'oi'lgenisfuiefforey adaptedy to compensate for -wear and continuously maintain an oil tight `,or liquid tigllitbnt aboutthe shaft 11. e erring to Fig. 6, this lis a view to 1"ig.'l` of` a modilication in vwhich the' of theoil seal are permanently sec together. The oil seal of Fi 6, which isindi' cated in its'entirety by t e numeral-,55,.is likewise provided with a. sheet having a cylindrical ange56f and anouter expansion flan e- 57 which is similar inform to the sha o Ythe cover 36a pre'viouslfy 'de-x scribed.A 'lie V-shaped pa @58o s y embodiment-.nis similar to thepa 1282.

` vious'ly described and it'cooperateswiththe Y f ex ansion member 57 in asimilar manner.V s

e internal ex ansion# member 59 mayr be formed by castm and it consists of any annular member which is` formed with the teruel-expansion rin previously described.'

The expansion mem rv59-thus consists of two substantially frusto-conical flanges 61, 62, but the flange-62 is, made substantially thicker Ain order to close'thespace4 between` vthe vcover 63 and the expansion, xmmbe'rff59.'` The expansion member'59engages ,the kpackf :ing 58 at points adjacent the outer edges of ingand forces the Aiianges of the packing into engagement with ,the` casing 56 andshaftr 11, in the same manner yas reviously described.

The thick ilan` 62 of) the expansion'inem#k ber 59 is forme `with a Vfrusto-conical cammin surface l64 which is `substantially-simif lar 1n shape to another'frusto-conicalwcam- ,ming surface 65 formed on the inside" of the cover 63. The cover 63 comprises a stamped sheetmetal member of circularashape which is preferably lprovided with `a downwardly. turned flange 66 vatl its borderand with the frusto-conical Bange 67 surroundingthe cenloc trall located aperture 6,8. The frusto-coni, A

cal ange 67 rhas the camming surface'65 and 11 the o thickened Iiiange 62 of thef expansion .p member 5 9 cooperates with theaperture 68 to substantially close this partof,k the casing forming a spring chamber, 69. f o

A garter spring 70, which preferably comprises a helical spring having its ends joined, 1s located in the sprin chamber 69, and the spring 70 is tensione conical surfaces 64, 65. `The cover 63-ispref-y erably a close frictional fitfinside ther wall 56 12 of the casing and the upper edge 71jof the lcasing `wall 56'is reiferably spun over to secure .the cover 63 1n place.

The Operationv of this oil seal isfasgfollowgg i The tension of the'garter'spring 70` tends to cause thecontracti'on offthesprin v70into the V-sha ed opening between the gauges 67y and 62. pring 70 thus tends to cam thesurfaces 64l and- 65 apart and urges the expansion member 59 in an axial direction against Pre againstV thefriisto fwhich is'used. yReferrin g to ,l In thisembodiment the machine 10 is pro-4 58. The leather packing is thus continuously expanded and yfed edgewise into engagement the shaft l11|,and the Wear of the leather i is thus"fc:ontinuously,Y taken, up 'and las and vwhile the packing is not renewable akingthe voil seal apart, the amount orming itsfunctions for substanfull life 'of 'the machinery*` upon 7 this is a 'modification in' which the `outer surface of an oil seal need 'not be ground'fto produce ajffitin the bore adjacent-the bearing with v'vhich, it is used.

l vided vvith asimilar 'bearing and the bore l15 x is adapted toreceivethe oil seal which is indicated in its entirety by the numeral 72.

vIn this embodiment, the casin may be provided with anv axiallyexten ing ktubular I?? 'sh-ellv'vhich is threaded at 7 4 for receiving an' l -oiitertubuIarsheIl 75. The shell 75 4and the l1emp,]ute, or spring pael'nng maybe substituted for the lead under .shel1'f73 are each provided'iwith beveled .sur- 'facesf', 77 and a lead'ring 78. may be confined between the beveled surfaces 76 and 77.

Other forms `of packing, suchas leather,

pandedyinto oil tight and water tight engage` ment'ivith the Walls of bore 15. l"

j scribed With'respect to Fig. l with the `exception that in this embodim' nt thestuds 21 are.

supported by a removable cover 80 and the springs 81 on studs 21 are compressed between cover- `80 and internal expansion mem ber 82. The internal expansion member 82 issimilar in shape to the expansion member -36 previously described,Withrespectto Fig. v

- 1 and it cooperates with .the leather packing 83 in the same manner. i 1

The external expansion member is pro` `vided by a concave annular surface 84 formed on the end ,of shell 73 and the packing chanr;

ber is formed by a counter bore 85 which communicates Vwith bore 86. Thel cover 8() is removable like the cover of Fig. 1, but the external surface 87 of the voil seal `need not be ground to fit the bore 15 on account of the provided by the lead ring or I arciwater tighiioini isfcpnsenily. larianna-iIieraboutthe shaft 11.v L oil seal 55 also preferably has itsou'ter;

el"fgground to lit inthe bore .about the y 83a of thesame shape on the sidetoward *the y, expander 82, ,Theffelt packingfring 83a'is.y

on` attainedfbygthis. packing and'y preferably impregnated with any compound? rs is 'such thatthe' oil seal is capabeen employed:` f

Other details Vof the casing of theoil seal 72 may .be substantially the' same as that dein effectively prevent rotation of the V-shape of both of the frustofconical -angesfof the y leather V-shaped'packingSB.'

"'Ih'eleather vpackinglring 83 preferablyvr i resiliently supported ,by a lfelt packing` ringl 175' 'y which will 'resis'tfoils,' so. that the felt packing vvring 83aprovides a resilient packinggforthe` leather'rin'g 283. {Thefelt ring is adapted to give more readily andpermit thev relatively Y sharp lipsor vedges on theleather ring to'` rey L spond to' Huid pressure morelquickly. The.operation of the oil seaI-ofFg., substantially the same as that of F ig. l, with the exception ofthe -fa'ct that the knifeedges of thek studs 21 doy not prevent radial movement ofthe parts oftheleatherl packing.

views of` a modification in which theysupport- Y Referring to Figs.' 10 and vv11, theseare i907 type ofspring is utilizedito makethe 'oil seal morelcompact The elements ofthe casing" 1" ma be substantially .thesame as those described w-th respect togF-igg'l', andcorrefes,

spondingv numerals have been" applied. with.

the exception that-fthe studsand coil springs havebeen ,omitted and a new spring 'SOhas The spring 90. preferably lcomprises a cor'- rugated k:Washer 4 spring 2, hof annular form which lmaybe constructed of 'springsteelf or brass.'y The `Washer spring90 is providedy y with relatively deepvcorrngations so asto provide a maximum ofspring movement, and

les

the'uppe'r 'corrugations 90engage the end of the casing 19 While the lower corrugations 92 A engage the internal sprin member 41.*@ The operation ofthe oilseal ol Eig. 10 is` substantially the same, as the other oil seals previousl described.

T 1e present oil seals are capable ofgivingv y long service without necessity for replace-` ment or repair and the'leather packing is automatically fed into place edgewiseto con-v tinuously presentje lnew surface "and main lips ofthe packing are iexible'and theyfa'reso arrangedgthat they; are forced into closer thefex'ertion of pressure in-v v f tainfan oil tight contacty with the moving e shaft; yThe sharp lips on the packing main` tain a better seal than ,'packings of other shape, for the reason that` the relatively thing/.f 120i tions inayfbe made Without departing fromm' the spirit of the invention, and Ido not Wish"y yto be `limited to `the precise `details of conf-' leo 1f yyshapcd pac -formhaving an wardl struction setv forth, but desire avail m self of all changes the scopewof t eY appendedclaims.

Having thus descri L my invention, whatl I claiml as new and desire to secure by United States VLettersPatent'is: 1. An oil seal comprisingv a casing, an inf. "ternal expansion member slidably mounted in said casing, an external vexpansion mem- Y 10 lber carried by said casing, a V-shaped leath-v e'r packing confined between said" expansion member and adapted to be lexpanded edgewisethereby,land resilient means' for urging said expansion 'members toward eachnthei',

- one of said expansionl members being formed with radially extending lugs adapted' to be 'f slid axially and rotated .into engagement with said casing to secure said oil seal in assem-- bled relation, and bendable means carried by '20 said casing forpreventing rotation of said;A

llatter expansionmember and prevcntin unintelantionalseparationof the parts of said oil sea 2. An oil seal comprising a 'casing mecrlnber.' formed with a radial arge and a cylindrical ange beingv formed flange, said cylindrical with axially extending slots and (hren ferentially extending slots communicating withv .said axial-slots apair of expansion members y for said oil seal,and an expansible packing p locatedbetween said expansion members and adapted to be' expanded thereby, resilient means for urging said` expansion membersl towardeach other, one of said expansion members frming a coveigiadial lugs carried by said cover for 'engagementin saidcircum4` fmmaallyp extending 4slots and-ears carried l by said @over `for' engagement in said axially extending slotsl'when said ears are bent a convex annular surface, a shaped leather #packing having aw airof frusto-conicali anges joined alongthe line ofa circle located 'about said shaft in said casing, said packing Mzilanges being engaged by said expansion 1 member .on the'inside of said packing adjacentits outer edges and 'a second expansion i member enggmg the annular apexofsaid V- g, whereby the packing -is fed 55 edgewise into engagement with the shaft, and

f a crurted washer spring conned between sai expansion member and said casing jfor resilient bers together.

' 60 i4:. Inan oil seal-,'thecoinbination of a -my name this y-"ul'ging B id'expansion'mein-` a substantial y Vshapein cross section, a shaped leather packing in said 'casing' having@ relatively sharp edgesl engaging vtheinside' of said casing and adapted to engage'a'shaft extending through said`bore, saidlateral ra-` dial flange engaging', inside .the V shaped packing adjacent its edges, and fa cover -said casing having a bore for receiving as haft fii'ange slidably mounted insaid bore and hav-- z- .f ing a radiall extending flange formed with i" and having a'V shaped groove of less angular-."1

.itythan said packing adapted to engage'the' apex of said 'V' shaped pfickingtofeed said packing edgewise into en agement with the y wall of said 4casing and w1th a shaft. in Said' 'bore. Y'

5..In an form, having an open endl and a radially inwardly 'extending' flange at the otherend surrounding a circular bore,.an expander insaid` Acasing, having an axially extending tubular Bange slidabl'y'mounted in said bore and haveo'. ffl

ing a radiall extending flange formed with a substantie; y V shape yin cross sectioma V Y oil `seal,fthe combination 4of a'sheet Ametal casing -of-- "substantially eylindrlcal shapedleather-packigin Asaid casing having relatively shar edges engaging-the in sideof .said casing an Vadaptedto engage a shaft extending through Vsaid bore, said latter' radial Harige engaging inside @the V shaped packing' adjacent its ing a V shaped oove of lessangularity than said packing a apted tov enga e theapex of said V shaped packing to fee said packing edgewise into engagement with the wall of Asaidcasing and with aA shaft saidfbore, and an 'annulan spring conned between said ex-j pansion member and thev end of said casing, said s prind'g downwar y extending' formations for resil- Awith said packing'.

Inwitness whereof, Inhereunto subscribe 1 31stday oil-July, 1931;

W. MARSH.

having alternately upwardly and ges, aj cover for saidr casing -.having a bore forv receivlng a shaft and hav` iently urging said expander into engagement,

- `lus metal casing. .of substantially cylindrical y -extendinl s a c r bore, an expander in said open endend a'radially inange' at the other end suri -65 casing having anaxially extending tubular 

